REVISTA DYNA ENERGÍA

Since scientists Clyde Cowan and Frederick Reines in 1956 supported the existence of the neutrino, it was necessary to wait until 2015 (Takaaki and McDonald), to demonstrate that they had an insignificant mass. Many have been the attempts to estimate it and varied the experiments carried out to that end. At the Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics conference in 2019 in Toyama, Japan, (http://taup2019.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/) the conclusions of the KATRIN experiment "Improved upper limit of mass of neutrinos from a direct kinematic method (M.Aker at al, 2019)" were presented, confirming that the estimated range for the average mass of the neutrino (electronic, muonic, tauonic) is not greater than 1 electron volt.

Neutrinos, in addition to those emanating from beta disintegration, are found in nature from the sun and the cosmos. The flow of neutrinos (solar) reaching the Earth as a result of fusion reactions on the Sun is extremely large and estimated at ?6,1 x 10?^10 (neutrinos )/cm2/second . This remarkable figure can be an inexhaustible and omnipresent source of energy in spite of its small mass.

Cells or voltaic neutrino batteries would assume the challenge to capture both solar and cosmic neutrinos, to interact with them, to extract their energy and to convert it into electricity in spite of their very low probability of interaction.

The corporation "Neutrino Energy Group" https://neutrino-energy.com/ formed by a team of German and American scientists have been working for years on the development of neutrino voltaic cells. According to their business objectives, they will be able to produce them in the coming years and to drastically change the current concept of technology and sustainable energy.

According to the magazine Notimérica (C. Saura 11/06/2020), citing sources from the aforementioned corporation, voltaic neutrino batteries are being experimented with "two-dimensional materials (graphene) and very high density doped silicon (semiconductor) arranged in extremely thin layers" with very encouraging results.

Obviously, there is a long way to go. Let's remember that it took many years for photovoltaic energy to become a reality as high-performance solar panels were manufactured at competitive prices.
Everything seems to indicate, judging by the progress made, that voltaic-neutral devices at user level will come to power small electronic and communications devices in the first phase, and in a second phase, who knows, even land transport vehicles that do not need to be refuelled.